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Plant library

Root · Cool season

Potatoes

Potato; early or midseason type matched to planting window

Potatoes: crop reference photographCrop reference
Sun

Full sun; at least 6–8 hours of direct sunlight daily.

Water

Aim for about 1 inch of water per week including rain; check soil 1 inch down and water at the roots when it begins to dry. Raised beds may need more frequent watering in heat. Keep moist, never waterlogged.

Spacing

12 in

Difficulty

Moderate

Planting and care

How to grow potatoes

When to grow

Cool season · Annual

How to start

Certified seed potatoes

Mature size

18–36 in top growth

Time to harvest

New potatoes: about 60–80 days from planting; mature storage potatoes: about 90–120 days.

Feeding needs

Heavy feeder

Growth habit

Root Crop

How to prune

Do not prune green tops. Hill soil or clean mulch around stems as they grow so developing tubers stay covered; remove badly diseased foliage without spreading it.

How to harvest

Gently lift a few new potatoes after flowering if desired. For storage, wait for tops to die, stop watering, allow skins to set for about 10–14 days, then dig carefully and cure in a dark, ventilated place.

Harvest and kitchen use

Boiling, roasting, baking, mashing and soups

Nutrition and garden value

Potassium, vitamin C and fiber when skins are eaten

High-interest underground harvest crop

Common challenges and troubleshooting

Potato beetles, blight, scab and green tubers from light exposure

Safety note

Do not eat green tubers or sprouts